The country at the crossroads of Europe and Asia is a geographical bridge between two continents and the epicentre of extraordinary changes that have shaped it over the past 100 years.

In this blog post, we look back at the last 100 years of Turkiye’s development, exploring the key milestones, challenges and successes that have shaped this nation – from the founding of the republic in 1923 under the visionary leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, to its current status.

1923-1940: Years of establishment

1923, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk founded the Republic of Turkiye and became its first president. Ataturk’s vision was clear – to modernise and secularise Turkiye and transform it into a progressive and prosperous republic.

Turkiye experienced numerous reforms in education, law and culture during this period. They included:

• Language reform: Ataturk started changing the Turkish script – from Arabic to Latin. This had a profound impact on education and communication, making them more accessible to the masses;

• Women’s Rights: In line with his progressive visions, Ataturk granted women the right to vote, making Turkiye one of the first countries in the region to recognize women’s right to vote.

Turkiye shaped its future and became a symbol of progress after the turbulent events of the First World War.

1940-1960: An era of challenges and changes

Turkiye faced complex geopolitical challenges as it moved through the post-World War II period. Turkiye made a historical choice and sided with the Western Bloc during the Cold War. This policy led to Turkiye becoming a member of NATO on February 18, 1952.

Although this decision was important for Turkiye and its position in world events, it also brought internal disagreements. During this period, Turkiye was rocked by numerous military coups, which indicates the challenges in the transition to a democratic system while the country simultaneously strived to achieve stability and economic progress.

It is important to note that these challenges have provided valuable lessons. During the turbulent years, Turkiye’s democratic institutions were tested and strengthened, and the nation’s resilience was highlighted.

1960-1980: Economic growth and modernization

During the 1960s and 1970s, Turkiye underwent a profound economic transformation that left a strong impact.

This era is marked by:

• Expanding the economy: Turkiye abandoned its agricultural roots and turned to manufacturing and services. Cities flourished thanks to the development of new industries, attracting migrants from rural areas in search of better life opportunities;

• Infrastructure projects: One of the most significant symbols of this era is the Bosphorus Bridge, completed in 1973. It connected two continents and bridged the nation’s past with its future. Istanbul, a city whose history dates back thousands of years, was now linked by a modern engineering marvel, symbolizing Turkiye’s growing importance on the global stage.

During this period, Turkiye was not only creating physical infrastructure but was becoming recognizable as a dynamic nation that was rooted in its long history while at the same time looking towards the future.

1980-2000: The road to globalisation

In the period from 1980 to 2000, Turkiye moved towards globalisation. During the eighties, the country began the process of economic liberalisation and opening to the global market.

This period is characterised by:

• Privatisation of state enterprises and the opening of the market to foreign investments, which resulted in the orientation towards export as the primary source of growth;

• Turkiye decided to join the Customs Union with the European Union in 1996. This step marked a significant point in connecting Turkiye with Europe and the global community, thus confirming its status as a key player in developing the world economic system.

The modernisation of Turkiye accelerated during this period, and its economic growth could be noticed. In addition, Turkiye became an attractive destination for businesses and investors.

2000-Present: Turkiye in the Modern Era

Turkiye continued its development in the 21st century, becoming an essential regional and global factor. Under the leadership of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the country went through a period of political and economic stability. The AK Party, which has been in power since 2002, has steered towards pro-business policies and investment in infrastructure, resulting in impressive economic growth.

Turkey has also expanded its role in regional geopolitics. The country has played a key role in resolving conflicts in the Middle East and sheltering millions of Syrian refugees. Additionally, its strategic position made Turkiye an indispensable player in global trade and energy transport.

Regardless of political instability, economic difficulties and other obstacles, Turkiye has always found a way to grow stronger and more prosperous than before.

Celebration of the centenary of Turkiye in Montenegro

In honour of the centenary of the Republic of Turkiye, various events were organised in Montenegro that further enriched the jubilee celebration.

The first in the series was a spectacular dance and music performance at Independence Square in Podgorica, which revived Turkish tradition and energy. One of the most famous dance performances in the world, “The Fire of Anatolia”, was performed for the first time in Montenegro and included 40 performers and 300 dance figures on the big stage. The Turkish Embassy, the Capital City and the Turkish Chamber of Commerce in Montenegro organised the event.

Continuing in the spirit of celebration, an impressive regatta called “Ambassadors on Board” was held in Bar on October 7. This event provided an opportunity to enjoy the passion for sailing, love for the sea and the richness of Turkish and Montenegrin culture. The regatta organisers were the Turkish Chamber of Commerce, the Turkish Embassy in Montenegro, the Municipality of Bar, the Tourism Organization of Bar and the Kalafat Workshop Bokovac.

The Turkish Embassy, the Turkish Chamber of Commerce in Montenegro, YTB and MASAT organised the evening steeped in culture, networking and celebration. They hosted a cocktail party that brought together alums from Turkiye, TurkCham members and friends.

All Turkish culture and gastronomy lovers had the opportunity to enjoy the “Baklava Show” held in Kotor. Visitors could indulge in an authentic Turkish feast and enjoy the most famous Turkish delicacy – baklava.

Ultimately, we have nothing left but to say – Happy centenary of the Republic of Turkiye! Let this significant anniversary be a step towards a more prosperous future for Turkiye, filled with progress and prosperity.